Tribal casinos closures in response to COVID-19 have cost tribes $4.4bn in economic activity according to Meister Economic Consulting.
The economic impact recorded by Meister accounts for a two-week closure period.
The shutdown of tribal casinos has forced 728,000 people out of work, contributed to $969m in lost wages and $631m in lost taxes and revenue sharing by federal, state and local governments.
The American Gaming Association reports that commercial and tribal casino closures risk nearly $74bn in total wages annually.